The Constitution of 1989 has for the first time in Algeria”s history devoted the pluralism and the opening to the external trade, until then State’s monopoly. The Algerian political and institutional system devotes the presidential system for the executive power.

The President of the Republic is elected through direct and secret universal suffrage for five years. He is re-eligible.

The constitutional revision of November 28th, 1996 has established a bicameral parliament, National Popular Assembly, first Algerian Chamber of the Parliament and the Council of Nation, second Chamber of the Parliament. The President of Council of Nation stands in for the President of the Republic in case of Power vacancy, but he can’t stand for election to succeed the President. The Prime Minister, designated by the President of the Republic, implements the governmental policy.

There is also a Constitutional Council which watches over the laws constitutionality and to the regularity of referendum, legislatives election and the President of Republic election operations. The others main institutions of the Algerian State are the High Council of Security, the Supreme Court, the Council of State, the High Islamic Council and the Social and Economic National Council. These institutions have consultative role.